James, speaking to Jewish Believers in poverty and under great persecution, has been making practical applications about where they have been putting their hearts. He is on the attack against worldly thinking and motives that he sees in the lives of these Believers (Jam.1:22-27).

Heavenly wisdom compared to earthly wisdom; conflicts coming from selfish motives; friendship with the world is animosity towards God; He opposes the arrogant (worldly) gives grace to the humble; therefore submit to God, come near to God, purify your hearts and stop judging.